What does the principle of least privilege mean in cybersecurity?

The principle of least privilege in cybersecurity refers to the concept that users should only have access to the information and resources that are necessary for them to perform their specific roles or functions. This approach minimizes the potential damage that can occur if an account is compromised, as it limits the amount of data that an attacker could access. By enforcing least privilege, organizations can reduce the attack surface and enhance their overall security posture.

For example, if an employee only needs access to a specific database to perform their job, granting them access to other databases or sensitive information that they do not require would pose unnecessary risks. By restricting access appropriately, organizations can prevent unauthorized access or accidental data breaches, thereby maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of their data.